Do you mean marble versus porcelaine tile?

You can use natural stone like marble for floor but do not use granite for floor at all as it is very slippery when wet. As for tiles do not go for glazed vitrified tiles for the floor for the same reason. ( floor becomes slippery once wet and may cause mishap) Go for ceramic anti skid tiles that are specially meant for bathroom floor. For wall tiles you can use whatever you like and then decide over the matching anti skid floor tile/ marble. Double charged vitrified tiles are usually used for flooring in rest of the house.

I am assuming you haven't finalised your wall colours and colours of any other fixed elements. In case you have finalised your color scheme you would need to see which of these colours blend well or complement with that scheme. Assuming none of this info is available, then you could look at the neutrals which go with all colours. The white tile and the 2 colours at the end would be preferable. If you want color on the floor as well as drama, you can choose from the 2nd options from both sides or even the 1st from left.

A tricky question! Wall to wall carpeting is not a good option in India due to our hot climate as they tend to radiate heat and makes the rooms hotter. That said, they do add an aesthetic appeal and a decor feature when used in the living area. The choice rests with the individual.