Google: thermal insulation. I myself did thermal foil and drywall on the interior walls and rockwool in the ceilings and floors, but that's in a renovation of an old house with 15cms thick concrete single layer exterior walls. Some homework will give you more knowledge on the choices suitable for your home and climate. Ask your builder too.

Yep...shade or blocking direct sunlight from getting into the home is the BIGGEST passive option. And you want to keep the heat off of the ground AROUND your windows/doors as much as possible. That's why you see massive verandas with 20 - 30 ft over hangs in colonial homes in Africa/Asia/India. In N. Africa there are ancient devices (used by the Egyptians during the time of the pyramids) called "wind catchers". These are still in use today in areas of the Middle East. Again it is a passive system. Reduce the amount of WINDOWS that you have. Thick walls and great insulation will all keep the hot sun out. Remember: it is easier to plug in a heater for 2-3 months than it is to remove 30C worth of hot air for 8 months a year! Keep the sun out. Keep it OFF the walls/windows/doors by using over hangs or shade. If you need to add heat for 2-3 months a year, then small heaters are well worth their purchase cost. Highly efficient heaters with well insulated walls = comfortable 2 months of "cool".

One of the following methods to be adapted to reduce heat from roof - 1. paint which has higher SRI (Solar Reflective Index). White color is Preferred 2. Mosaic tiled roofing. 3. Roof garden. 4. Temporary roof structure on the terrace.

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