We suggest high gloss laminate for durability .

i would recommend that the new flooring should definitely complement the traditional feel of the space. You should consider this flooring replacement as part of a restoration process and see the entire building in its holistic manner. Bad examNew glossy vitrified tiles and such would be a terrible choice. You can consider an IPS flooring as a suitable replacement. IPS flooring is usually done with thicker concrete of about 3" to 4" thickness. This will help in resisting any capillary moisture too from entering the floor. You can do various design/pattern/colours and can even customise something that is unique to your taste and house.

It's a good design and you can highlight the staircase wall too and go for designer celling in that too with chandelier see the reference image If you need 3d views and Interior Consultancy for you room pls contact us

Install vertical retractable louvers. Use them in the evening time. They will be floor (and lintel level slider) mounted and also they are movable. So nobody will question you.